About The MIR

The Mental Imagery Resistance (MIR) was founded in 2025 by mental imagery advocate and campaigner, Hayley de Ronde, as a result of her personal experience with aphantasia and undefined imagery. The MIR asserts that lived cognitive experience is real and valid, even when it cannot be defined or measured by existing scientific frameworks. 

It was born out of a deep conviction that the mind consists of more than just the five known forms of mental imagery—that imagination, mental imagery, and sensory experience deserve recognition beyond limited materialist explanations. The MIR seeks to build a community dedicated to advocating for research into the full spectrum of mental senses. The old map of the mind is outdated; it's time to chart a new one.

The MIR | Dysikonesia, Aphantasia and a Sophisma

Advocacy for Research

For people like our founder, common words about the mind—"imagination," "visualise," "picture this," "mind's eye"—were always understood as figures of speech, used to detail mental reality. We mapped our own internal senses onto those terms because it was the only language available. We did not know others were any different. 

The discovery and definition of aphantasia changed that. It gave a name to the absence of visual, auditory, gustatory, olfactory and tactile imagery, which retroactively revealed that those common words we thought were figure of speech, were meant literally for others. This suddenly left our own positive experiences we had attributed to those terms—the intuition, inner speech, or emotional pattern-sensing we do have—without any language or definition at all.

Our advocacy is simple: you cannot research, discuss, or understand something that has no name. We have proposed a key—a framework of 20+ mental imagery modalities and 4 vividness variations—and called for its development. We use and document interim language to describe these experiences, holding the conceptual space open for a formal lexicon.

View our foundational paper:

Locating Unifying Language: Multiple Intelligences, Mental Sensory Perception, and Mental Imagery (2025) 

The study of aphantasia reminds us how easily invisible differences can escape detection.

Professor Adam Zeman

An Emerging Framework 

In December 2024, building on the groundbreaking work of neuroscientist Adam Zeman, we introduced a new way to understand mental imagery, identifying originally eight and then fifteen distinct types of mental imagery that reflect the complexity of how people imagine the world internally—expanded to twenty in February 2025. 

These types fall on a vividness spectrum, ranging from aphantasia (the absence of mental imagery) to hyperphantasia (extremely vivid imagery). This evolving framework reveals field of over a billion possible combinations, highlighting the vast diversity of mental imagery experiences across individuals.

Our work goes beyond categorisation, highlighting the importance of recognising and valuing neurodiversity. Each person’s unique mental imagery offers vital insights into mental processes, imagination, and perception.

15 Types of Mental Iamgery

A Handbook for Imagination 

The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination brings together expert perspectives from anthropology, neuroscience, psychology, and the arts. It explores mental senses beyond the traditional five, including:
  • Musical Imagery
  • Temporal Imagery
  • Emotional Imagery
  • Dream Imagery
By examining these areas, the handbook provides a deeper understanding of how imagination influences human perception and experience.
The MIR | Facts

Anonymouse Calling 

Ishtar’s Sh*thouse Poetry is a personal blog where raw, irreverent verse and philosophy collide. Written under the pseudonym Anonymouse Calling, Hayley de Ronde explores human nature with absurdity, brilliance, and contradiction. This is not a place for the tame—it’s a space for unfiltered, unapologetic thoughts that break the bounds of convention. It is where it all began, with a poem and an understanding there was a word to define this newly discovered neurodivergence.  
Notable posts on mental imagery include:
Anonymouse Calling | Dysikonesia, Aphantasia and a Sophisma
Disclaimer: The content on this website is intended for informational and advocacy purposes only. It is not a substitute for scientific research, clinical advice, or professional guidance. The perspectives shared here aim to explore and discuss mental imagery experiences—including beyond those currently established—as part of an ongoing conversation within the community.